DOI: https://doi.org/10.62204/2336-498X-2023-1-12

THE STUDENT CLUB AS A SUBJECT OF THE ORGANIZATION

OF CULTURAL AND LEISURE ACTIVITIES

Oleksandr Tadlia,

Head of International Projects,

Research Institute of Social and Economic Development, Ukraine

tadlya@ukr.net; ORCID: 0000-0002-2576-8599

Annotation. The article provides an overview of publications that examine conceptual approaches to the organization of cultural and leisure activities in the system of higher education institutions. The essence of the concept of “culture”, “club”, “student club” was considered and supplemented. The stages of the process of forming a model of a student club and the expediency of further scientific research in the direction of cultural and leisure activities are considered, namely, the theoretical justification of practical recommendations regarding the construction of a system of leisure organization in the conditions of a student club is substantiated.

Keywords: organization, club, socio-cultural sphere, leisure time, cultural and leisure activities, student leisure time, youth leisure time.

Formulation of the problem. The relevance of the problem of the development of cultural and recreational activities in the system of higher educational institutions is determined by: the need to fundamentally improve the quality of professional training and education of young specialists; more effective participation of student youth in various socio-cultural spheres of Ukrainian society; the role of free time in the education of student youth, transforming it along with study time into a means of development that makes high demands on knowledge, skills and abilities; objective possibilities of student clubs in the real practice of educational work.

The following scientific works are devoted to the solution of problematic issues of the functioning and development of the processes of organizing cultural and leisure activities in the system of higher educational institutions: S. Pishun (2005) analyzes the formation of the leisure culture of students of higher educational institutions in the conditions of the work of the student club; D. Derby (2006) focuses on research on student involvement in community college clubs and organizations; J. Foubert, L. Urbanski (2006) emphasize the psychosocial development of first- and senior-year students with the help of clubs and organizations of higher education institutions; V. Tyuska (2014) formulates creative self-realization of students in the process of group activity; A. Hawkins (2015) in her doctoral dissertation focuses on the impact of student clubs and organizations on student retention and persistence at urban colleges; L. Pittaway, J. Gazzard, A. Shore and T. Williamson, T. (2015) note that student clubs are a powerful experience for entrepreneurship education; O. Kuzu (2021) analyzes student clubs in universities: content analysis of diversity; J. Simpson, C. Bista, (2023) study of minority student participation and experiences in community college cultural clubs and organizations. Noting the importance of the scientific research of these scientists, it should be emphasized that the specified problem requires further research, which allows to supplement the very nature of practical work, to highlight and form separate stages and forms of activity in the cultural and leisure sphere. Therefore, the identified unresolved problems allow us to formulate the purpose of our work.

The purpose of the research is to determine the possibilities and main directions of the work of the student club as a subject of the organization of cultural and leisure activities.

Presenting main material. Determining the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of the problem of the activity of student clubs in the organization of youth leisure in modern Ukraine, we consider it appropriate to pay attention to a number of terms and concepts that directly relate to cultural and leisure activities.

Taking into account that in individual studies of scientists, the concepts of “club activity”, “club organizations”, “club institution” have a certain discrepancy or are identified, therefore, as part of the theoretical analysis of the cultural and leisure activities of Student clubs, as a subject of research, we plan to: 1) establish the essence concepts of “culture”, “activity”, “club”, “student club activity”; 2) the study of the common and distinctive features of the mentioned terms and the determination of their place in the dialectical development of student clubs that carry out their activities in the system of higher educational institutions.

The study of the role and place of student clubs in the system of higher education institutions is possible thanks to the process of becoming a science of culture – the task of which is to reveal concepts, socio-cultural technologies, create a favorable cultural and leisure environment and the need to implement the mechanism of step-by-step formation in extracurricular work. Many stable ideas are formed on the basis of the understanding of culture as a high level of people’s mastery of norms, standards of activity that have developed in one or another sphere of social practice. In this sense, we talk about language culture, communication culture, consumption culture, leisure culture, professional or corporate culture, etc. The term “culture” is used in connection with the applied aspects of cultural activity of people. In this case, cultural activity is considered as a part or section of any instrumental and applied activity: or as a direction in economic and business practice: the sphere of culture, socio-cultural service, element of international relations – we are talking about cultural exchange between countries, an aspect of political practice of state construction – cultural policy, cultural institutions, etc., or as an object of legal regulation, legal protection of intellectual property in the field of legal culture, etc.

So, the term “culture” can be characterized as follows: it is a way and result of life activities of many generations, a consistent development of society, a form of kinship and a set of spiritual symbols, signs, standards, aspects of the artificial environment, which do not contradict, but in a certain way subordinate and complement each other. In other words, everything that exists in a person as a carrier and subject of activity appears in the form of culture, and turns out to be as multifaceted, diverse, functionally rich as the person himself – the creator and ideological embodiment of this culture. .

Cultural and leisure activity, as an extremely complex object of research, is characterized by its structure and, accordingly, the system of social relations. Based on the above, in our work we characterize “activity” as a specific way of relating a person to the surrounding world, which is the driving force and condition for social progress and as a condition for successful adaptation of a person to life in the conditions of the information society. Activity forms and changes the conditions of existence of people, social groups, ensures the transformation, preservation and development of society. That is, through activity, a person is included in the system of social relations, which depend on his place in the social hierarchy, on the formation of certain life conditions and individual circumstances, which turns it into a social and sociocultural activity.

Thus, the category “activity” is considered both as a worldview explanatory principle and as a methodological substantiation of a number of conceptual positions in which human activity is the subject of research. As we have already noted, “activity” includes a goal, a means, a result, and the very process of activity, and accordingly, its awareness is an integral characteristic [1].

The influence of cultural and leisure activities is determined by its meaningful content, and spending daily time coincides with the active consumption of cultural achievements, one of the means of productive direction of social relations is club associations, which are designed to satisfy personal, professional, spiritual needs and interests of the individual. Despite the rather long history of the existence of student clubs as a subject of cultural and leisure activities and the study of various issues of the functioning of club associations, the concept of “student club” is interpreted in different ways, which requires categorical and conceptual clarification.

In the “Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language” (1985) it is noted that the word “club” is “a public, cultural and educational institution, its premises”; borrowed from English through Polish and German (Klub); English club (English clubbe), which, in turn, has an Icelandic origin from the word “klubba” – related to the verb “klubba” – a stick, stick, companionship”; the meaning “companionship” arose due to the figurative use of the word “stick”, according to English custom, a stick that was carried around the homes of welcome guests” [2, p. 466].

Therefore, taking into account the English origin of the concepts “club”, “student club”, the study of their essence should begin precisely with English-language reference books.

At the same time, in addition to the above, our attention is drawn to the “Oxford English Dictionary”, the first (10-volume) edition for 1884-1928, which interprets the term “club” as: 1) an association or union of a certain mass of people; 2) association for the promotion of any business with the aim of its activation; 3) a place of meeting or gathering of people in a pub and a similar establishment for informal communication; 4) a group of people gathering together; 5) a society of persons united on the basis of mutual sympathies or shared interests, passions, inclinations; 6) an organization of people created to join forces to support some entity; 7) an association of persons, organized mainly for a public purpose and having a building (or part of it), specially adapted exclusively for meetings and activities of its members; 8) a building or premises for the activities of such an organization; 9) an organization created to support the activities, mainly political, of some parties (for example, Jacobin clubs in France); 10) the modern name of ancient organizations (for example, ancient Greek geters or ancient Roman colleges)” [3].

Following the example of English clubs, organizations of this type began to emerge in the world and in continental Europe. In France, the first clubs – people’s assemblies – appeared a few years before the beginning of the French Revolution in 1782.

In the French edition “Grand dictionnaire encyclopedigue larousse” (1972), the word “club” is defined as: an association, an association in which economic and political issues are discussed; associations, groups in which people gather for communication, reading, entertainment, etc.; society, the membership of which is limited by social origin, place of residence or interests; associations, societies whose members gather for a specific purpose (leisure, sports, tourism, etc.) [4].

The Encyclopedia Americana (1973) defines a club as an association of people who share common interests and meet periodically for cooperation or entertainment. Depending on the purpose, clubs are divided into social clubs, which emphasize communication and relaxation in a pleasant company, and political or professional clubs, in which people gather to satisfy common interests [5]. That is, in the English language definitions of club prevail, which emphasize the common purpose, the interests of the members of the association, as well as the closedness of clubs to those who are not members of the club.

Clubs similar to the French ones were created in Germany, Italy and Spain. A similar characterization of the term “club” is given in Meyer’s German encyclopedic dictionary “Mejers Enzyklopadisches Lexikon” (1980), where “club” is considered as a closed, exclusive (exclusive) association created by social groups or interest groups for the realization of a certain goal, most often – for joint pursuit of sports, literature, science and politics [6].

Therefore, the analysis of encyclopedic publications allows us to reveal the concept of “club” mainly as an association, gathering, union, organization, society. The analysis of the definitions of clubs is convincing in the diversity of club organizations with characteristic features: association for the purpose of intensification, satisfaction of common interests, organization of meaningful leisure time, which in turn is of fundamental importance for understanding the cultural and leisure essence. the object of our research.

At different times, theorists and practitioners of the club business tried to find out what a club is: an institution (a building or premises for the activities of such an organization) or a society (an association of a certain mass of people), a social and cultural institute (an association of individuals organized mainly with a public purpose) or a social group (a group of people gathering together).

In the writings of the Soviet period, the concepts of “club” and “club establishment” were equated, which was due to the administrative and command management methods that absorbed the club network and led to the subject-object model of leisure organization. This scientific position is also shared by the “Dictionary of Foreign Words” edited by O. Melnychuk (1974), the club is interpreted as: “A public institution that unites groups of people of a certain social status, profession for the purpose of leisure. time, as well as communication related to political, scientific, artistic, sports and other interests” [7].

In the “Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine” (2013), the term “club” is an analogue of the terms “house of culture” and “cultural and educational institution”, i.e. “… a cultural institution of the club type, created for the organization of leisure time, the development of amateur creativity, the holding of educational and educational activities among the population, formation of public opinion” [8]. Summarizing the above, we state that the problem of club activity is comprehensively considered both in the pedagogical and in the literature in the field of “Culturology”.

Yes, in the “Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia”. Thematic register of slogans from the field of “Culturology” (2022) Club, 1) public organization that unites people connected by common interests; 2) a cultural and educational institution that organizes the leisure time of the population [9].

Thus, in Ukrainian encyclopedic guides, the term “club” means: a public organization that unites people of a certain social circle or profession for joint recreation, entertainment, physical education and sports.

Ukrainian scientists consider the term “club” as a unique social institution, which is characterized by the possibility of combining two opposite tendencies of social life – social-group and personal; collective and individual. The author’s concept is close to the research of I. Petrova (2000), where the “club” is defined as a socio-cultural dominant, one of the compensatory-catalyzing phenomena of society, which reflects the socio-psychological state of society and shapes it. The activity of the club appears as a specific reaction of society to the problems of the social system affecting spiritual values, views, interests, and behavior of the individual [10, p. 9]. L. Polishchuk (2008), which interprets the concept of “club” as a multifunctional leisure, cultural and educational organization or institution, the main task of which is to meet the needs of the population in meaningful leisure activities, promoting self-education. and creative realization of personality. The author believes that the concept of “club-type institution” is more complete, since such institutions, in addition to clubs, can include houses and palaces of culture, centers of folk art, leisure centers, sports and entertainment complexes, family clubs, museum clubs, library clubs etc.” [11].

Thus, in Ukrainian-language publications and regulatory legal acts, “club” appears most often. is identified with club-type institutions and is considered as a cultural and educational organization. Special emphasis is placed on the political, educational and educational tasks of the club.

At the same time, we draw attention to the fact that in many works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, it is appropriate to consider the club as a multifunctional association, the main task of which is integration, ensuring the needs of visitors in meaningful leisure. in the name of common goals, interests, communication, self-education and cultural creative realization of the individual.

Also, as a category and object of analysis, it is considered in a wide scientific range, which serves as a theoretical and methodological basis for substantiating the essence of our research.

The activities of student clubs are considered in modern studies by D. Derby (2006), Student involvement in clubs and organizations: a research study in a community college [12]; J. Foubert, L. Urbanski (2006), the influence of participation in clubs and organizations on the psychosocial development of first-year and senior college students [13]; A. Hawkins (2015), Engagement Matters: The Impact of Involvement in Student Clubs and Organizations on Student Retention and Persistence at City Colleges [14]; L. Pittaway, J. Gazzard, A. Shore, T. Williamson (2015), Student Clubs: Entrepreneurship Learning Experience [15]; O. Kuzu (2021), Student clubs in universities: content analysis of diversity [16]; J.Simpson, K. Bista (2023), investigating the involvement and experience of minority students in cultural clubs and organizations in community colleges [17], as a certain social system that functions in their free time and is aimed at a target audience of student youth, through their involvement to cultural and leisure practice, extracurricular process.

The analysis of Ukrainian language dictionaries gives reason to claim that scientists most often consider the concept of “student clubs” as: “public associations that organize cultural leisure for students of one or more universities, contribute to the expansion of their horizons, the development of creative abilities both in the chosen specialty and in various arts, sports, etc.” Modern researchers try to combine the historical definitions of the concept of “club” and consider “student club” from several main positions: as “student society”, “student organization”, “student society”.

According to the definition of S. Honcharenko (1997), “student clubs are public associations that organize the cultural leisure of students of one or more higher educational institutions, contribute to the expansion of their worldview, the development of creative abilities both in the chosen specialty and in various types of art , sports, etc. The student club unites, as a rule, several groups, sections or collectives – sports, tourist, music, etc.” [18, p. 166 ]. S. Pishun (2005) notes that a student club is a pedagogically organized process, a voluntary leisure association of students whose interpersonal relationships are mediated by the socially valuable and personally meaningful content of collective leisure activities [19]. The research of V. Tyuska (2014) shows that the pedagogical student club is a creative laboratory where students master non-standard approaches to the educational process, study innovative technologies, increase the level of pedagogical culture and readiness for creative self-activity [20].

Thus, the analysis of the definitions of the term “student club” by modern researchers is convincing in the variety of organizational associations reflected in the terminological polysemy. In modern cultural and leisure practice, the use of the term “student club” has significantly expanded: one can cite many examples of innovative, communicative, creative associations called student clubs. Despite such a multivariate concept, it is possible to characterize the features inherent in all types of student clubs, including voluntary participation in leisure associations, satisfaction of recreation needs, personally meaningful fulfillment, development of creative abilities, and the existence of a club regulatory framework. documents

In our opinion, the activity of a student club, which functions in the system of a higher educational institution, is an organizational process, according to the concept of extracurricular work, endowed with personally significant content and functions of cultural and leisure activities, has a free and voluntary, collective character, a certain determination and depends on socio-cultural, political development of society, its moral, ethical and spiritual values.

A student club is a complete socio-cultural association of students, which has a special organizational structure in the conditions of a higher educational institution, performs specific functions in the field of cultural and leisure activities and promotes socialization and inculturation through the assimilation of certain cultural cultures. meaning by students.

Thus, thanks to the conducted research, we detailed and clarified the essence of existing concepts and terms and substantiated new concepts and terms used in the field of club activities. The obtained results substantiate the need for further research, which will contribute to the formation of methodological foundations for the study of cultural and leisure activities of student groups in the modern worldview context.

In modern institutions of higher education, student youth are a product of social development, where they are directly included in the system of social relations through educational, educational, scientific, sports, cultural and leisure activities, in particular, participation in clubs and public organizations, which in turn, can form a versatile worldview, a system of views and the ability for analytical, creative self-realization in further professional activity.

The task of organizing youth leisure activities in the context of student clubs is integration, communication, process management, and personality development. The content of the organization of youth leisure in the conditions of the activity of the student club in many studies coincides, including: goal setting; administrative management; distribution of tasks between participants; consistency of their actions and control over the implementation of decisions; creative activity; evaluation stimulation.

In the context of our research, the organization of youth leisure was understood as a two-way process, where the indirect influence of the head (manager) of the club association with student youth, their freedom in choosing directions and forms of leisure and ways of filling its content are organically combined. At the same time, we followed the opinion of scientists who substantiated the necessity and expediency of organizing youth leisure by the fact that it is the result of constructively overcoming the existing contradiction between the desire of students to independently satisfy their interests in their free time and their lack of experience, knowledge, abilities and skills for their full implementation in cultural and leisure activities. The specificity of the organization of youth leisure is determined by the features of its object – student youth, the nature of their leisure communication with the leader (manager) of the club association, the content and means of influence (forms, methods, techniques).

The essence of the organization of youth leisure consists in replacing the personal position of students in the field of leisure from a passive one that requires direct managerial activity to an active one, which is a consequence of the development of their self-management and self-governance in this area through indirect influence.

The specificity of the organization of youth leisure in the system of a higher education institution is that, by involving students in the assimilation of socio-cultural values, as well as active recreation, they should not undermine independence, initiative, individuality in leisure time, but promote activity, creativity and innovativeness in the development of individual abilities.

Thus, the organization of youth leisure activities in the context of student clubs is manifested in: coordination of the actions of its participants; interaction based on a common goal and tasks; in demonstrating competence when solving club tasks.

From the standpoint of a systemic approach, the focus of club activity is closely related to the reflection of many important processes taking place in the modern socio-cultural space. Student youth also perceive culture as a means of spiritual, intellectual, moral, emotional and aesthetic enrichment in the process of their artistic and creative activity. Therefore, culture is perceived not only as a model of free artistic and creative activity of students, but also as a certain force of spiritual formation and development, a universal mechanism of adaptation to life in society.

According to the content and form of the organization, the student club objectively appears as a collegial activity of its members. An important role in ensuring the effective activity of the student club is played by the very fact of communication. The analysis of scientific sources and personal practical activity as the head of a student club allowed us to come to the conclusion that effective communication arises as a result and as a form of conscious reflection of the mission of the student association to achieve the goal, club tasks and joint activities. Which has a system-forming function and ensures the integrity of the creative process and the dynamic development of the student club association.

Therefore, the involvement of student youth in creative interaction with club activities is the basis on which moral and ethical imperatives are formed, the norms and traditions of national culture are assimilated, which regulate mutual relations, coordinate actions and deeds in the socio-cultural sphere

On the basis of the above, it can be concluded that in the process of cultural and leisure activities of the student club, there is an accumulation of both social and individual experience, the presence of which is a necessary component of the development of the club association as a whole. We include the following components of subjective experience: valuable experience, organizational experience, operational adaptation, orientation to a certain level of success, assessment of one’s own capabilities; experience of cooperation.

An important feature of ensuring positive interaction is the production by students of new ideas, new creative plans to create an active atmosphere of creativity with the projection of positive success in the activities of the student club.

Thus, the effectiveness of favorable interpersonal relations in the student club depends on a positive psychological climate, as well as on high value-orientational unity, which is manifested in joint activities.

In the study, we relied on new positions regarding the provision of productive connections in student club associations with the aim of activating activities, meaningful content, interpersonal contacts, and realization of cultural leisure. At the same time, in order to ensure the productive functioning of student clubs, it is necessary to use a scientifically based cultural and leisure program, which will become an optimal and productive means for real practical actions. From this, it becomes clear the importance of creating creative connections of club organizations, in which the content of activities becomes a powerful force in their spiritual, emotional, and intellectual development.

The central figure in the organization of youth leisure in the conditions of the activity of the student club is its leader – whose figure embodies the important qualities of an organizer, manager, psychologist, coach, teacher, which generally determine the success of management activities or the characteristics of the best leadership. The ability to organize and direct the efforts of student club members to solve tasks of varying complexity, while determining the creative capabilities of each student and objectively evaluating the results of both individual activity and the activity of the student club as a whole, is of particular importance to the manager.

The following personality traits of a team leader are the ability to have emotional and volitional influence. This quality is the basis for mobilizing, uniting, uniting and directing students to achieve club goals.

In the practice of managing a student club, the issue of leadership and management is considered mainly from the point of view of managing the organization, although the awareness of leadership by some members of the club and the external balance of its manifestation is enhanced adequately to the overall growth of the creative potential of the student association. That is when leadership is a kind of generator of activity and independence of all participants. In our opinion, the head of the student club is a leader-organizer, ensuring the maximum inclusion of all participants in the common fund of activities.

Conclusions. We believe that the organization of youth leisure in the context of student clubs is a multifaceted process, the key positions of which are the following system-forming characteristics: activity, productive interaction; collegiality in decision-making; orientation to the direction of functioning; orientation to positive performance; providing effective feedback; orientation to the value guidelines of culture as the foundation of the spiritual development of the individual.

The scientific novelty of the study consists in: determining the place of the student club in the development of activities in free time; in determining the main forms, methods and directions of work of the student club in the formation of socio-cultural knowledge and skills; in the analysis of motives for job satisfaction, interests and needs in various types of club activities; in consideration of cultural and educational work as a component of the organization of students’ leisure time; in the analysis of cultural mass and leisure activities of the student club as one of the leading forms of manifestation of student activity and socio-cultural creativity.

The practical significance of the research results is that the developed conditions for stimulating student activity by means of cultural and leisure activities of student clubs contribute to the education of future specialists of graduates of higher educational institutions.

References:

1. Tadlia O. M. (2015). Activities of the student club: conceptual and categorical apparatus / O. M. Tadlya // Ukrainian culture: past, present, ways of development. Culturology. Vol. 21(2). P. 150-157. Access mode: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/ukrk_2015_21(2)__33.
2. Etymological dictionary of the Ukrainian language (1985).: In 7 vols. Vol. 2: D – Koptsi / Ed. col.: O. S. Melnychuk (chief editor), V. T. Kolomiets, O. B. Tkachenko. Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR Institute of Linguistics named after O. O. Potebny. K.: Naukova dumka, 1985. 572 p.
3. The Oxford English Dictionary. London, 1884–1928. Vol. 2. P. 533-535
4. Grand dictionnaire encyclopedigue larousse. Librairie larosse. Paris. T.3: Christiania a docte. 1972. P. 2325.
5. The Encyclopedia Americana. (1973). P. 123-125
6. Mejers Enzyklopädisches Lexikon (1980).: in 25 Bander. Mannheim. Wien. Zürich : Band 13: j-Kn. P.796.
7. Dictionary of foreign words (1974), edited by O. S. Melnychuk. 1st edition, Kyiv: Main Editorial Office of the Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia (URE), 776 p.
8. Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine (2004) [Electronic resource] / Ed.: I. M. Dzyuba, A. I. Zhukovsky, M. G. Zheleznyak [and others]; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences. K.: Institute of Encyclopedic Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Access mode: https://esu.com.ua/article-36504
9. Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia (2022). Thematic register of slogans from the field of “Culturology”: in 2 parts / Compilers: A. V. Aristova, N. A. Havrylyshina, I. V. Shlichta; in general ed. d. i. n., prof. Kyridon A. M. Kyiv: State Scientific Institution “Encyclopedic Publishing House”. Part 1. 264 p.
10. Petrova I. V. (2000). Organization of cultural and leisure activities of clubs in the countries of Western Europe and the USA: autoref. thesis … candidate ped. Sciences: Kyiv. national University of Culture and Arts. K., 20 p.
11. Polishchuk. L. O. (2012). Directions of social and cultural activity in clubs of Ukraine // Actual problems of history, theory and practice of artistic culture: Collection of scientific works / Ministry of Culture of Ukraine, National. Acad. manager personnel of culture and arts. K.: Millennium. Vol. 29. P. 306-312.
12. Derby, D.C. (2006). Student involvement in clubs and organizations: An exploratory study at a community college. Journal of Applied Research in the Community College, 14(1), 39-45.
13. Foubert, John D., & Lauren A. Urbanski. (2006). Effects of involvement in clubs and organizations on the psychosocial development of first-year and senior college students. NASPA journal 43.1,166-182.
14. Hawkins A. (2015). Involvement matters: The impact of involvement in student clubs and organizations on student retention and persistence at urban community colleges (Doctoral dissertation).
15. Pittaway, L.A., Gazzard, J., Shore, A., & Williamson, T. (2015). Student clubs: experiences in entrepreneurial learning. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 27(3-4), 127-153.
16. Kuzu, O. H. (2021). Student clubs at universities: A content analysis on diversity. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi, (27), 52-73.
17. Simpson, J., & Bista, K. (2023). Examining Minority Students Involvements and Experiences in Cultural Clubs and Organizations at Community Colleges. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 47(2), 79-89.
18. Honcharenko S. (1997). Ukrainian pedagogical dictionary / S. Honcharenko. Kyiv: Libra. 376 p.
19. Pishun S.G. (2005). Formation of leisure culture of students of higher educational institutions in the working conditions of the student club: dissertation. … candidate ped. Sciences: Sumy, 254
20. Tyuska, V. B. (2014). Creative self-realization of students in the process of club activities. Updating the content, forms and methods of teaching and upbringing in educational institutions, 9: 152-156.